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Assessment of event-related evoked potentials and China-Wechsler intelligence scale for cognitive dysfunction in
Yewen Shi1, Yani Feng1, Yitong Zhang1
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Insights
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children is linked to cognitive impairment, evidenced by delayed brain responses measured by event-related evoked potentials (ERPs). These ERP findings correlate with lower intelligence scores, suggesting OSA impacts cognitive function.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Sleep Medicine
- Cognitive Neuroscience
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly recognized as a condition affecting children's health.
- Cognitive impairment is a potential consequence of OSA, but objective measures are needed for assessment.
- Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) encompasses conditions like OSA, often associated with adenoid tonsil hypertrophy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cognitive impairment in children.
- To utilize event-related evoked potentials (ERPs) and the China-Wechsler Younger Children Scale (C-WISC) for assessment.
- To compare cognitive and electrophysiological measures in children with and without OSA.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective case-control study involving 148 children with adenoid tonsil hypertrophy.
- Children were categorized into OSA (n=102) and non-OSA (n=46) groups based on sleep study metrics.
- Event-related evoked potentials (P300, N100 latencies) and C-WISC scores were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Children with OSA exhibited significantly higher apnea-hypopnea indices (AHI, OAI, OAHI) and respiratory arousal index (RAI) compared to the non-OSA group.
- Lower mean oxygen saturation (SaO2) and SaO2 nadir were observed in the OSA group.
- Elevated P300 and N100 latencies were found in children with OSA, correlating negatively with full-scale, verbal, and performance intelligence quotients.
Conclusions:
- Event-related evoked potentials (ERPs) serve as an objective tool for evaluating cognitive impairment in children with OSA.
- Delayed ERP latencies in children with OSA suggest underlying neurological effects impacting cognitive function.
- The findings highlight the importance of identifying and managing OSA to mitigate potential cognitive deficits in children.
Objective:
To explore the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cognitive impairment by combining event-related evoked potentials (ERPs) and China-Wechsler Younger Children Scale (C-WISC) in children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) with vs. without OSA.
Methods:
This was a retrospective case-control study of all consecutive children (n = 148) with adenoid tonsil hypertrophy between July 2017 and March 2019 at the Hospital.
Results:
The children were divided into the OSA (n = 102) and non-OSA (n = 46) groups. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), obstructive apnea index (OAI), and obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (OAHI) in the OSA group were elevated compared with those of the non-OSA group (all P < 0.001). The mean oxygen saturation (SaO2) and SaO2 nadir were lower in the OSA group compared with the non-OSA group (both P < 0.001). The respiratory arousal index (RAI) values in the OSA group were larger than those of the non-OSA group (P < 0.001). The P300 and N100 latencies in the OSA group were longer than those of the non-OSA group (both P < 0.001). Pearson's correlation analysis revealed correlations of the P300 peak latency with full-scale intelligence quotient (FIQ) (P < 0.001 and r = -0.527), verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) (P < 0.001 and r = -0.448), and performance intelligence quotient (PIQ) (P < 0.001 and r = -0.515). There was a correlation between the N100 peak latency and PIQ (P = 0.026 and r = -0.183).
Conclusion:
ERPs, as an objective measurement, might help assess cognitive impairment in children with OSA.
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