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Hemolysis after subcutaneous deoxycholic acid overdose.
Abigail Sharpe1, Mary O'Keefe1, Katie Windsor2
1Wisconsin Poison Control Center, 999 N 92nd Street, Suite 600, Wauwatosa, WI 53226, United States of America.
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|August 30, 2021
Summary
Self-injecting deoxycholic acid (DCA) for cosmetic reasons can lead to dangerous overdoses. This case highlights severe hemolysis from unsupervised DCA injections, emphasizing the risks of non-medical aesthetic treatments.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Dermatology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Deoxycholic acid (DCA) is FDA-approved for submental fat reduction.
- Unsupervised aesthetic injections pose potential health risks.
- Benzyl alcohol is a common preservative with its own safety profile.
Observation:
- A patient self-administered DCA and benzyl alcohol for aesthetic purposes.
- The patient experienced severe hemolysis.
- The injected dose represented a tenfold overdose of DCA compared to FDA guidelines.
Findings:
- Medically unsupervised use of DCA can result in significant overdose.
- High concentrations of DCA can cause systemic toxicity, including hemolysis.
- Concurrent injection of benzyl alcohol may potentiate adverse effects.
Implications:
- Healthcare providers must counsel patients on the risks of non-medical aesthetic procedures.
- Increased awareness is needed regarding the dangers of self-administered injectables.
- Regulatory oversight and patient education are crucial for preventing such adverse events.
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