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[Glossalgia as a psychodermatological syndrome].

A B Smulevich1,2, A N Lvov3, P G Iuzbashian1

  • 1I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.

Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|August 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) involves oral pain with a complex psychopathological structure. It presents as organo-neurotic, somatopsychotic, or dermatological types, linking oral sensations to broader psychosomatic conditions.

Keywords:
glossalgiahypochondriaoral lichen planussomatoform disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Medicine
  • Psychiatry
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Burning mouth syndrome (BMS), also known as glossalgia, is a functional disorder characterized by painful oral sensations.
  • Its psychopathological structure and nosological classification remain complex, often overlapping with neurotic/psychotic disorders and dermatological conditions like lichen planus (LP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics of glossalgia.
  • To verify the psychopathological structure, typology, and nosology of BMS within the spectrum of neurotic/psychotic disorders and dermatological pathology, specifically lichen planus.

Main Methods:

  • A study sample of 30 patients (27 female, mean age 59.3 years) underwent clinical and psychometric evaluations by a dermatologist, neurologist, and psychiatrist.
  • Patients met IASP criteria for glossalgia and ICD-10 for glossodynia (K14.6). Comorbidity with oral lichen planus was noted in 7 subjects.

Main Results:

  • Glossalgia syndrome exhibits a binary psychopathological structure, combining basic coenesthesiopathies (e.g., isteralgias, senestopathies) with secondary hypochondriacal phenomena.
  • Three types of glossalgic syndrome were identified: organo-neurotic, somatopsychotic, and dermatological (stress-induced somatic reactions), based on psychopathological register and presence of dermatological disease.

Conclusions:

  • Burning mouth syndrome, while localized to the oral cavity, encompasses a wide range of psychosomatic pathology.
  • The findings highlight the connection between BMS, mental health disorders, and psychodermatological conditions.