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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Cancer Survival Analysis01:21

Cancer Survival Analysis

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Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer02:18

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
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Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

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The current knowledge concerning solid cancer and therapy.

Masoud Najafi1,2, Jamal Majidpoor3, Heidar Toolee4

  • 1Medical Technology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology
|August 31, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exploring novel cancer therapies, this study reviews current treatments like surgery and immunotherapy, highlighting challenges. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) emerge as a promising alternative for effective solid tumor treatment.

Keywords:
cancerchemotherapycombination therapyimmunotherapyradiotherapysolid cancerssurgery

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Studying Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics for Developing New Treatment Strategies
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology and Cancer Therapeutics
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Solid cancers represent a significant global health burden, necessitating advanced therapeutic strategies.
  • Current treatments including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy face limitations such as relapse and side effects.
  • Immunotherapy shows promise but struggles with 'cold' tumors, while stem cell therapy has stability and targeting issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing and emerging therapeutic strategies for solid cancers.
  • To identify limitations of current treatments and unmet needs in cancer therapy.
  • To explore the potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a novel therapeutic approach.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of established and experimental cancer treatments.
  • Analysis of the efficacy and limitations of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy.
  • Evaluation of stem cell therapy and extracellular vesicle (EV) therapy.

Main Results:

  • Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy remain dominant but have drawbacks like relapse and toxicity.
  • Immunotherapy, while a standard of care, is less effective in cold tumors.
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer advantages in stability and biological barrier crossing compared to stem cells.

Conclusions:

  • Despite therapeutic advances, significant challenges remain in effectively treating solid cancers.
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) present a novel and potentially superior strategy for cancer treatment delivery.
  • Further research into combination therapies and EV-based treatments is crucial for future progress.