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Related Concept Videos

The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

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Development of a Rabbit Chronic-Like Rotator Cuff Injury Model for Study of Fibrosis and Muscular Fatty Degeneration
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Increasing transforming growth factor-beta concentrations with age decrease apelin in the rat rotator cuff.

Ryo Tazawa1, Kentaro Uchida2, Tomonori Kenmoku2

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan. ryotaz@med.kitasato-u.ac.jp.

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
|September 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) increases with age, reducing apelin in rotator cuffs. This age-related decline in apelin may drive rotator cuff degeneration.

Keywords:
ApelinRotator cuff degenerationTransforming growth factor-beta

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Aging Research
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Rotator cuff degeneration is age-related, but mechanisms are unclear.
  • Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) increases with age and affects skeletal muscle.
  • TGF-β suppresses apelin, a myokine, in skin cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related changes in TGF-β and apelin in the rotator cuff.
  • To determine if TGF-β regulates apelin expression in the rotator cuff.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (Q-RT-PCR) for gene expression (apelin, Tnmd, Col1a1, Col3a1).
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for TGF-β protein levels.
  • In vitro study of TGF-β's effect on apelin mRNA in rotator cuff cells.

Main Results:

  • Apelin mRNA levels were lower in old rats compared to young and adult rats.
  • Tendon-related gene expression (Tnmd, Col1a1, Col3a1) decreased with age.
  • TGF-β mRNA and protein levels were higher in old rats.
  • Exogenous TGF-β significantly reduced apelin mRNA expression.

Conclusions:

  • TGF-β regulates apelin expression in the rotator cuff.
  • TGF-β may be a key factor in age-related rotator cuff degeneration.