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SARS-COV-2 in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Possible Roles of Exercise Training as a Medicine

Mehdi Kushkestani1, Mohsen Parvani1, Yaser Kazemzadeh2

  • 1Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabataba\'i University, Tehran, Iran.

Current Diabetes Reviews
|September 1, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Type 2 diabetes patients face higher SARS-COV-2 risks. Regular exercise, especially moderate-intensity, enhances immunity and balances the ACE2/ACE ratio, potentially reducing severe COVID-19 outcomes in diabetics.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients are highly vulnerable to SARS-COV-2 infection and severe complications.
  • Factors like altered immune function and compensatory mechanisms exacerbate COVID-19 severity in diabetics.
  • SARS-COV-2, a novel beta coronavirus, emerged in late 2019.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate mechanisms linking T2D to increased SARS-COV-2 risk and severity.
  • To discuss the role of exercise in modulating the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in diabetic patients.
  • To review evidence on exercise's impact on reducing severe COVID-19 outcomes in T2D.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing current evidence on T2D, SARS-COV-2, and exercise.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to severe outcomes in diabetic COVID-19 patients.
  • Examination of the ACE2/ACE axis and exercise's influence.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic individuals exhibit heightened susceptibility and complications from SARS-COV-2.
  • Exercise, particularly moderate-intensity, demonstrates immune-enhancing, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects.
  • Regular physical activity can help balance the ACE2/ACE ratio, reducing Angiotensin II (ANG2) levels.

Conclusions:

  • Regular exercise is a key intervention for T2D patients facing SARS-COV-2.
  • Exercise can mitigate severe COVID-19 outcomes through immune modulation and RAS balancing.
  • Moderate-intensity exercise offers significant benefits for diabetic individuals' resilience to SARS-COV-2.
Keywords:
SARS-COV-2angiotensin IIangiotensin-converting enzyme 2angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorsbeta-blockersdiabetesexercisehealth

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