Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 21, 2025
11:25
Multi-step Preparation Technique to Recover Multiple Metabolite Compound Classes for In-depth and Informative Metabolomic Analysis
Published on: July 11, 2014
34.2K
Valproic acid autoinduction: a case-based review
Sean Bennett1, Mujeeb U Shad2,3,4
1Samaritan Health Services, Corvallis, OR, USA.
International Journal of Bipolar Disorders
|September 1, 2021
Summary
Valproic acid (VPA) autoinduction, though rare, can occur due to complex metabolism and drug interactions. Monitoring free VPA levels is crucial for optimizing treatment and preventing adverse outcomes in patients.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Clinical Pharmacy
Background:
- Valproic acid (VPA) is known to induce the metabolism of other drugs.
- Clinical reports of VPA autoinduction are infrequent, potentially due to underreporting or complexity in recognizing it.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review published cases and present a new case of VPA autoinduction.
- To enhance clinician awareness of VPA autoinduction and its underlying mechanisms.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search for VPA autoinduction cases.
- Case-based review comparing clinical data from published and new cases.
Main Results:
- VPA autoinduction is a rare but clinically relevant phenomenon.
- Increased VPA elimination can be influenced by drug interactions, genetic polymorphisms, and protein displacement.
- Protein displacement reactions increase the free, metabolizable fraction of VPA, posing diagnostic challenges.
Conclusions:
- VPA autoinduction may be underreported due to complex metabolism and recognition challenges.
- Monitoring free VPA fractions alongside total levels is recommended for challenging cases.
- Enhanced awareness and monitoring can optimize VPA treatment and prevent serious outcomes.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Allosteric Proteins-ATCase
6.0K
Binding sites linkages can regulate a protein's function. For example, enzyme activity is often regulated through a feedback mechanism where the end product of the biochemical process serves as an inhibitor.
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis...
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis...
6.0K
01:19Pharmacovigilance
1.2K
Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
1.2K
01:27Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction
719
Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
719
01:29Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care
145
The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:
Assessment:
145
01:24Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction
336
The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
336
01:16Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Overview and Classification
46
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is a clinical practice that measures specific drug levels in a patient's blood at designated intervals to ensure the drug concentration stays within a therapeutic range. This monitoring is crucial for optimizing individual dosage regimens, enhancing therapeutic efficacy, and minimizing drug-related toxicity. TDM is vital for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, significant variability in pharmacokinetics, and a clear correlation between plasma levels and...
46