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Reducing Willow Wood Fuel Emission by Low Temperature Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization
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Thermal Conversion Characteristics of Molasses.

Meheretu Jaleta Dirbeba1, Anders Brink1, Daniel Lindberg2

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Summary

Molasses, a sugar byproduct, shows lower thermal conversion rates and gasification reactivity compared to vinasse and black liquor. Its ash melting behavior and high K/Cl release present challenges for current thermal conversion technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomass energy conversion
  • Renewable fuels and chemicals
  • Agroindustrial residue utilization

Background:

  • Agroindustrial biomass residues are key feedstocks for renewable energy and chemicals.
  • Thermal conversion of molasses, a sugar production byproduct, remains under-investigated.
  • Understanding molasses thermal properties is crucial for optimizing its use in energy production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the thermal conversion characteristics of molasses.
  • To assess fuel swelling, combustion, gasification, and emissions.
  • To evaluate molasses ash melting behavior and compare it with other biomass residues.

Main Methods:

  • Single-particle reactor experiments at 700-900 °C.
  • Analysis of fuel swelling, combustion time, CO yield, gasification reactivity, NO emissions, and K/Cl release.
  • FactSage thermodynamic modeling and DSC-TGA for ash melting behavior.

Main Results:

  • Molasses exhibited the least swelling and longest combustion time, indicating slower conversion.
  • Gasification rates at ≥800 °C were lower than vinasse and black liquor, attributed to lower alkali/alkaline earth metal content.
  • High K/Cl release and low ash melting point complicate utilization with current technologies.

Conclusions:

  • Molasses presents challenges for thermal conversion due to its combustion and gasification properties.
  • Specific boiler designs (e.g., black liquor recovery boiler type) and entrained flow gasifiers show potential for molasses utilization.
  • Further research into optimized thermal conversion technologies is needed for efficient molasses energy recovery.