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Digital Inline Holographic Microscopy DIHM of Weakly-scattering Subjects
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On incoherent diffractive imaging.

Leon M Lohse1, Malte Vassholz1, Tim Salditt1

  • 1Institut für Röntgenphysik, Universität Göttingen, Germany.

Acta Crystallographica. Section A, Foundations and Advances
|September 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Incoherent diffractive imaging (IDI) offers atomic resolution structural analysis. This study establishes the theory of contrast formation, identifying spatiotemporal overlap as key to IDI feasibility.

Keywords:
XFELcorrelated fluctuationsdiffract-then-destroyfemtosecond studiesfree-electron lasersingle particles

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Area of Science:

  • X-ray physics
  • Diffractive imaging
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Incoherent diffractive imaging (IDI) is a proposed technique for atomic resolution structural analysis.
  • Experimental realization and a comprehensive theory of contrast formation for IDI are currently lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive explicit expressions for the principal measured quantity of IDI: equal-pulse two-point intensity correlations.
  • To establish a comprehensive theory of contrast formation in IDI.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a simple model for stochastic fluorescence emission.
  • Inclusion of photon detection statistics, finite temporal coherence, and scattering volume geometry.
  • Derivation of expressions for intensity correlations considering these factors.

Main Results:

  • Explicit expressions for two-point intensity correlations derived.
  • Spatiotemporal overlap identified as a critical factor limiting contrast.
  • Estimates for optimum sample size, maximum photon yield, and signal-to-noise ratio provided.
  • Feasibility of IDI experiments discussed based on derived estimates.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a theoretical foundation for IDI contrast formation.
  • Photon yield limitations impose constraints on IDI applications.
  • Optimized experimental parameters are crucial for successful IDI realization.