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Updated: Oct 21, 2025

Motor Dual-Tasks for Gait Analysis and Evaluation in Post-Stroke Patients
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Postural Control, Dual Task Performance and Executive Function Following an Ultramarathon.

Dean L Smith1,2, Joshua L Haworth3, Eric K Brooks1

  • 1Department of Kinesiology and Health, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, United States.

Perceptual and Motor Skills
|September 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ultramarathon running impacts postural control, causing specific changes in sway planes. However, executive function and reaction times remained unaffected by the extreme endurance event.

Keywords:
enduranceexecutive functionpostural controlultramarathon

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Research on ultramarathon running's effects on posture and cognition is limited.
  • Understanding fatigue-related changes in postural control and executive function is crucial for athlete safety and performance.
  • Previous studies have not comprehensively examined these effects in the context of extreme endurance events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of ultramarathon running on postural control, dual-task postural control, and executive function.
  • To determine if fatigue from ultramarathon running leads to measurable deterioration in these functions.
  • To explore potential neuroprotective mechanisms underlying adaptations to extreme fatigue.

Main Methods:

  • A pre- and post-test design was employed with 14 ultramarathon runners.
  • Postural stability was assessed on flat and foam surfaces, with eyes open and closed.
  • Dual-task postural control and executive function (modified flanker task) were evaluated before and after the race.

Main Results:

  • Post-race, increased anterior-posterior (AP) sway path length and root mean square (RMS) were observed.
  • Mediolateral (ML) RMS and ML median frequency showed reductions post-race, indicating plane-specific postural adaptations.
  • Dual-task postural control showed altered ML RMS pre-race, but not post-race. Reaction times and executive function scores did not significantly change.

Conclusions:

  • Ultramarathon running induces specific, plane-dependent adaptations in postural sway, potentially as a neuroprotective response to extreme fatigue.
  • While postural control is affected, executive function and basic reaction times appear resilient to the demands of ultramarathon running.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind these observed postural adaptations in fatigued athletes.