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Understanding indirect requests for information in high-functioning autism.

Eleonora Marocchini1,2, Simona Di Paola1, Greta Mazzaggio3

  • 1Laboratory of Language and Cognition, Department of Humanities, University of Genoa, via Balbi 2, 2nd floor, Genoa, Italy.

Cognitive Processing
|September 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children with High-Functioning Autism (HFA) can comprehend indirect requests similarly to typically developing peers. However, Theory of Mind skills do not predict HFA children's understanding, suggesting different interpretation strategies.

Keywords:
DevelopmentExperimental pragmaticsHigh-functioning autismIndirect requestsTheory of mind

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Conflicting research exists on indirect request comprehension in High-Functioning Autism (HFA).
  • The role of Theory of Mind (ToM) in understanding indirect requests remains unclear.
  • Previous studies show mixed results regarding pragmatic language skills in HFA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess indirect request comprehension in HFA children.
  • To investigate if Theory of Mind skills predict indirect request understanding in HFA.
  • To compare HFA children's pragmatic abilities with typically developing (TD) peers.

Main Methods:

  • A semi-structured task was used to evaluate comprehension of direct, indirect, and highly indirect requests.
  • Participants included 14 HFA children (9-12 years) and 47 TD children (5-6 and 9-12 years).
  • Theory of Mind skills were assessed to determine their predictive relationship with request comprehension.

Main Results:

  • HFA children demonstrated preserved comprehension of indirect and highly indirect requests, comparable to TD children.
  • Theory of Mind skills positively influenced older TD children's understanding but not HFA children's.
  • HFA children may utilize distinct interpretative strategies for understanding indirect requests.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehension of indirect requests is not impaired in HFA children.
  • Theory of Mind is not the sole predictor for indirect request understanding in HFA.
  • HFA individuals may employ alternative cognitive strategies for pragmatic language processing.