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Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI
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Increased Ipsilateral M1 Activation after Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury Facilitates Motor Performance.

Roeland F Prak1, Jan-Bernard C Marsman1, Remco Renken1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems and University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Journal of Neurotrauma
|September 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) can generate maximal brain drive and modulate force effectively. However, they exhibit altered brain activity in the motor cortex and cerebellum during contractions.

Keywords:
BOLD functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)MVCfirst dorsal interosseousforce gradation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to motor impairments like muscle weakness and reduced force gradation.
  • While spinal cord changes are primary, alterations in brain activation patterns are also observed in individuals with SCI.
  • Understanding these central nervous system adaptations is crucial for developing effective rehabilitation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate brain activation patterns using blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) imaging during unimanual contractions in individuals with incomplete SCI.
  • To compare brain activity and force modulation capabilities between individuals with SCI (AIS C/D, C4-C8) and able-bodied controls.
  • To explore the relationship between brain network activity and motor task performance in SCI.

Main Methods:

  • BOLD imaging and force data collection during maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) and submaximal contractions (10-70% MVC) in 19 individuals with SCI and 24 controls.
  • Participants performed force-matching tasks to assess force modulation accuracy.
  • Analysis focused on comparing brain activation between groups and correlating it with force output.

Main Results:

  • Maximal voluntary contractions were weaker in the SCI group, but overall BOLD activation during MVCs did not differ between groups.
  • Force modulation (%MVC) was comparable between SCI and control groups during submaximal contractions.
  • Individuals with SCI demonstrated increased ipsilateral motor cortex and contralateral cerebellum activity across all submaximal contractions, independent of force level.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with incomplete cervical SCI can produce maximal supraspinal drive and modulate force adequately.
  • Increased ipsilateral motor cortex and contralateral cerebellum activity in SCI appears task-related but its functional contribution to motor performance requires further investigation.
  • Exploring the potential of this altered neural activity for improving motor function in SCI rehabilitation is warranted.