Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Care Models During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Era

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Infectious Diseases
• Epidemiology

Background:

• The COVID-19 pandemic poses a significant threat to global efforts to end human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, potentially reversing years of progress.
• The pandemic's disruption to healthcare systems may impede access to essential HIV services and treatment.
• Despite challenges, the pandemic presents an opportunity to innovate and advance HIV care strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care and progress towards global targets.
• To propose strategies for enhancing patient-centered HIV care in the context of the pandemic.
• To outline a framework for managing multimorbidity and frailty in people living with HIV to improve quality of life.

Main Methods:

• This viewpoint synthesizes current data and expert opinion on the intersection of COVID-19 and HIV care.
• It reviews the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) "three 90s" targets in light of the pandemic.
• It discusses the integration of telemedicine and in-person visits to support a "fourth 90" patient-centered approach.

Main Results:

• The pandemic has disrupted HIV services, risking setbacks in achieving the UNAIDS "three 90s" targets.
• Integrating telemedicine with traditional care can enhance patient engagement and access to services.
• A framework for managing comorbidities and frailty is crucial for long-term health in people with HIV.

Conclusions:

• The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates a re-evaluation and adaptation of HIV care strategies.
• Implementing a comprehensive, patient-centered approach, including telemedicine, is vital for maintaining and improving HIV outcomes.
• Addressing multimorbidity and frailty is essential for ensuring a good quality of life for people living with HIV.