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Updated: Oct 21, 2025

High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize Zea mays L.
Published on: June 16, 2018
Degree of processing and nutritional value of children's food products
Célia Regina Barbosa de Araújo1,2, Karla Danielly da S Ribeiro2, Amanda Freitas de Oliveira2
1Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Objective:
This study aimed to characterise the availability, the nutritional composition and the processing degree of industrial foods for 0-36-month-old children according to the neighbourhoods affluence.
Design:
A cross-sectional exploratory study.
Setting:
All food products available in retail stores for children aged 0-36 months were analysed. Data collection took place in two neighbourhoods, comparing two different sociodemographic districts (high v. low per capita income), Campanhã and Foz do Douro in Porto, Portugal.
Participants:
A total of 431 commercially processed food products for children aged 0-36 months which are sold in 23 retail stores were identified. Food products were classified according to their processing degree using the NOVA Food Classification System.
Results:
For NOVA analysis, of the 244 food products that were included 82 (33·6 %) were minimally processed, 25 (10·2 %) processed and 137 (56·1 %) ultra processed. No food product was classified as a culinary ingredient. The products included mostly cereals, yogurts, prevailed in high-income neighbourhoods for the 0-6-month-old group. It was observed that some categories of ultra-processed food (UPF) presented higher amounts of energy, sugars, saturated fat and salt than unprocessed/minimally processed products.
Conclusions:
The high availability of UPF offered for 0-36-month-old children should be considered when designing interventions to promote a healthy diet in infancy.
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