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Modeling acute ischemic stroke recanalization through cyclic aspiration.

Oyekola Oyekole1, Scott Simon2, Keefe B Manning3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA.

Journal of Biomechanics
|September 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Mechanical thrombectomy uses aspiration pressure to remove brain clots. This study models clot deformation, showing aspiration causes impingement and failure, aiding clot removal strategies.

Keywords:
Acute ischemic strokeCohesive zoneComputational modelingCyclic aspirationThrombectomy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Mechanical thrombectomy is a key treatment for acute ischemic stroke.
  • Aspiration catheters are commonly used to remove cerebral thromboemboli.
  • Understanding clot-artery interactions under aspiration is crucial for procedural success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the mechanical deformation of a thromboembolus in a cerebral artery during aspiration.
  • To investigate the conditions leading to interfacial failure between the clot and artery.
  • To identify factors influencing successful clot removal by aspiration alone.

Main Methods:

  • A computational model simulating a viscoelastic thromboembolus and a hyperelastic artery was developed.
  • A viscoelastic cohesive interface model was used to represent the clot-artery interaction.
  • Aspiration pressure was applied to simulate the mechanical thrombectomy procedure.

Main Results:

  • Aspiration pressure causes the thrombus to impinge against the cerebral artery wall near the catheter.
  • Interfacial failure initiates at the distal end of the clot.
  • Failure propagation direction depends on specific loading conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides insights into the mechanics of clot behavior during aspiration.
  • Understanding impingement and failure mechanisms can optimize thrombectomy catheter design and technique.
  • Results highlight critical factors for effective clot removal via aspiration.