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Updated: Oct 21, 2025

Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Opens New Avenues for Imaging Physiologically Important Parameters In Vivo
Published on: September 26, 2016
Phase-modulated rapid-scanning fluorescence-detected two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy
Damianos Agathangelou1, Ariba Javed1, Francesco Sessa1
1Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Abstract:
We present a rapid-scanning approach to fluorescence-detected two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy that combines acousto-optic phase-modulation with digital lock-in detection. This approach shifts the signal detection window to suppress 1/f laser noise and enables interferometric tracking of the time delays to allow for correction of spectral phase distortions and accurate phasing of the data. This use of digital lock-in detection enables acquisition of linear and nonlinear signals of interest in a single measurement. We demonstrate the method on a laser dye, measuring the linear fluorescence excitation spectrum as well as rephasing, non-rephasing, and absorptive fluorescence-detected two-dimensional electronic spectra.
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