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Related Concept Videos

Hybridoma Technology01:31

Hybridoma Technology

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Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation,...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

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Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Antibody Actions01:26

Antibody Actions

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Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
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Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

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Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
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Outcomes of transplant-eligible patients with myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts registered in an observational study: The JALSG-CS11-MDS-SCT.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 21, 2025

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice
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Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

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[Antibody therapy for multiple myeloma].

Hiroshi Handa1

  • 1Department of Hematology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine.

[Rinsho Ketsueki] the Japanese Journal of Clinical Hematology
|September 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Advances in antibody drugs have significantly improved multiple myeloma (MM) treatment outcomes. These novel therapies, including elotuzumab and daratumumab, offer new options for both newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory MM patients.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) treatment has advanced significantly over the last two decades, leading to increased median survival.
  • Novel therapeutic agents, including proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulators, have been key drivers of this progress.
  • Antibody drugs represent a distinct therapeutic class with unique mechanisms of action, offering potential for combination therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development and clinical trial status of antibody drugs in multiple myeloma.
  • To highlight the impact of novel antibody therapies on MM treatment paradigms.
  • To discuss emerging antibody-based strategies for MM.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trial data and published literature on antibody drugs for MM.
Keywords:
AntibodyImmunotherapyMultiple myeloma

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  • Analysis of approved antibody drugs, including elotuzumab (anti-SLAMF7) and daratumumab (anti-CD38).
  • Discussion of current and future antibody-based treatment regimens for MM.

    • Main Results:

    • Elotuzumab, daratumumab, and isatuximab are approved antibody drugs for MM treatment.
    • Specific antibody-drug combinations (e.g., D-MPB, DLd, DBd, DCd, Isa-Pd, ELd, EPd) are established standards of care for newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory MM.
    • Ongoing development of novel antibody drugs, including bi-specific antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates targeting BCMA.

    Conclusions:

    • Antibody drugs have become integral to modern multiple myeloma therapy, enhancing efficacy and improving patient outcomes.
    • The landscape of MM treatment continues to evolve with the introduction of new antibody-based therapies.
    • Future research focuses on novel antibody targets and drug modalities to further advance MM care.