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The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
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The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
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Related Experiment Video

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Functional Connectivity of the Developing Mouse Cortex.

Rachel M Rahn1,2,3, Lindsey M Brier1, Annie R Bice1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|September 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study tracked brain functional connectivity (FC) in mice from adolescence to adulthood using calcium imaging. We found significant changes in brain networks during development, providing a resource for studying neurological disorders.

Keywords:
calcium imagingdevelopmentmouse modelresting state

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Systems Neuroscience

Background:

  • Cortical development involves structural and synaptic changes during critical periods.
  • The emergence of functional connectivity (FC) during development is not fully understood.
  • Hemodynamic measures of FC are limited by potential neurovascular coupling changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally characterize the development of functional connectivity (FC) in the mouse cortex.
  • To identify specific developmental timepoints and brain regions with dynamic FC changes.
  • To provide a dataset for future research on developmental neurological disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal optical fluorescence imaging of calcium activity in awake, resting-state mouse cortex.
  • Data collected at five developmental timepoints from postnatal day 15 (P15) to P60.
  • Analysis of 325 seed-seed connections to quantify FC changes.

Main Results:

  • Coherent functional brain maps were present as early as P15.
  • Significant increases in FC were observed between P15 and P22 across most of the cortex.
  • Postnatal day 22 showed differences in bilateral connectivity and node degree in specific cortical regions.
  • Development involved a rebalancing of inter- and intrahemispheric FC and a shift towards local-distal FC dominance.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides a comprehensive longitudinal dataset of calcium-based FC development in the mouse cortex.
  • Specific periods of dynamic FC changes were identified, offering targets for future research.
  • The findings contribute to understanding typical brain development and can inform studies of developmental neurological conditions.