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Related Experiment Video

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A CNN Deep Local and Global ASD Classification Approach with Continuous Wavelet Transform Using Task-Based FMRI.

Reem Haweel1,2, Noha Seada1, Said Ghoniemy1

  • 1Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Ain Shams, Cairo 11566, Egypt.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) framework using deep learning and fMRI data to identify autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in toddlers. The system achieved high accuracy, offering potential for personalized diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:
ASDCNNCWTautismcomputer-aided diagnosisdeep learning

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by social and communication deficits.
  • Current ASD diagnosis relies on observational tools like the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule.
  • Objective, technology-driven diagnostic methods using brain imaging and machine learning are needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) framework for identifying ASD in toddlers.
  • To utilize task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and deep learning for objective ASD assessment.
  • To develop a system for personalized diagnosis and treatment planning.

Main Methods:

  • A CAD framework employing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) was developed to classify 50 ASD and 50 typically developing toddlers.
  • Task-based fMRI data, specifically responses to a speech task, were analyzed.
  • Techniques included spatial dimensionality reduction, region of interest selection, clustering, and continuous wavelet transform for feature extraction.

Main Results:

  • Local diagnosis on specific brain regions (cingulate gyri, superior temporal gyrus, auditory cortex, angular gyrus) achieved accuracies from 71% to 80% via four-fold cross-validation.
  • A fused global diagnosis reached 86% accuracy, with 82% sensitivity and 92% specificity.
  • A brain map illustrating ASD severity levels per brain area was generated.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed CAD framework demonstrates significant potential for accurate and objective ASD diagnosis in toddlers.
  • fMRI coupled with deep learning can identify discriminant features for ASD.
  • The generated brain maps can aid in personalized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for ASD.