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The fast decoupled power flow method addresses contingencies in power system operations, such as generator outages or transmission line failures. This method provides quick power flow solutions, essential for real-time system adjustments. Fast decoupled power flow algorithms simplify the Jacobian matrix by neglecting certain elements, leading to two sets of decoupled equations:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator
06:04

Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator

Published on: February 14, 2025

Resilient and decentralized demand-side management in smart grids using blockchain.

Shubhani Aggarwal1, Arzoo Miglani2, Norah Saleh Alghamdi3

  • 1School of Computer Science, UPES, Dehradun, India.

Scientific Reports
|May 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a secure blockchain-based system for managing energy demand in smart grids. It enhances security and transparency for Internet of Things (IoT) devices interacting with utility centers.

Keywords:
BlockchainDemand-side managementIoT-enabled smart grid systemsMutual authenticationSecurity and privacy

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator
06:04

Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator

Published on: February 14, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Cybersecurity

Background:

  • Smart grids and Internet of Things (IoT) enable advanced energy services like smart metering and EV charging.
  • Data transmission in these systems creates vulnerabilities, including data manipulation and service interruptions.
  • Existing centralized demand-side management systems suffer from a single point of failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a decentralized, blockchain-based demand-side management scheme.
  • To enhance security and robustness against cyber threats in smart grid communications.
  • To ensure mutual authentication between IoT devices and utility centers.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a blockchain-based demand-side management scheme.
  • Integration of mutual authentication protocols between IoT devices and utility centers.
  • Security evaluation using the Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) tool.

Main Results:

  • The proposed scheme provides enhanced security and transparency for energy data.
  • Security analysis using AVISPA confirms the robustness of the system.
  • Performance analysis shows reduced computation time and communication costs compared to existing methods.

Conclusions:

  • The blockchain-based approach offers a secure and efficient solution for demand-side management.
  • Decentralized authentication is crucial for mitigating vulnerabilities in IoT-enabled smart grids.
  • The proposed scheme outperforms current state-of-the-art approaches in security and performance.