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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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CRISPR01:59

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
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The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR

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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Author Spotlight: Development of Simplified CRISPR-Based Tests for Rapid Detection of Infectious Diseases
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CRISPR-Cas enzymes: The toolkit revolutionizing diagnostics.

Matthew S Verosloff1, Sarah J Shapiro1, Elizabeth M Hawkins1

  • 1Mammoth Biosciences, Inc., Brisbane, California, USA.

Biotechnology Journal
|September 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

CRISPR-Cas nucleases offer programmable, sequence-specific targeting for genomic applications and nucleic acid detection. Advances in CRISPR systems enable rapid diagnostic solutions for global health challenges.

Keywords:
CRISPR diagnosticsCRISPR-Cas proteinsbiochemistrybioengineeringnucleic acid detection

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • CRISPR-Cas nucleases provide programmable, sequence-specific targeting.
  • CRISPR technology is transitioning from genomic applications to nucleic acid detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the diversity of CRISPR systems and their mechanisms for nucleic acid detection.
  • To discuss the impact of CRISPR-based detection on diagnostic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of CRISPR system diversity and fundamental mechanisms.
  • Analysis of cross-disciplinary advances in CRISPR biology and engineering.

Main Results:

  • Emergence of new methods for target recognition and readout using CRISPR systems.
  • Rapid generation of diagnostic solutions, exemplified by COVID-19 pandemic response.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-based detection holds significant potential for a wide range of diagnostic applications.
  • Interdisciplinary research in CRISPR biology and engineering drives innovation in molecular diagnostics.