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Ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid and glutathione in liver disease.

S S Dubey1, G R Palodhi, A K Jain

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.

Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|October 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Patients with liver diseases like hepatitis and cirrhosis show significantly lower ascorbic acid (vitamin C) levels and altered glutathione. This indicates a compromised antioxidant status in these conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Hepatology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Liver diseases, including viral hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer, are associated with metabolic disturbances.
  • Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and glutathione are critical antioxidants involved in cellular protection and metabolic regulation.
  • Assessing the status of these compounds can provide insights into the pathophysiology of liver conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the plasma and blood levels of ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), and glutathione in patients with various liver diseases.
  • To evaluate the urinary excretion of ascorbic acid and the dehydroascorbic acid/ascorbic acid (DHA/AA) index as indicators of vitamin C status.
  • To correlate these biochemical markers with the presence and type of liver disease.

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Main Methods:

  • Controlled studies involving patients diagnosed with viral hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, and carcinoma of the liver.
  • Measurement of plasma ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), and blood glutathione levels.
  • Determination of leucocyte ascorbic acid content and urinary ascorbic acid excretion.
  • Calculation of the DHA/AA index to assess ascorbic acid status.

Main Results:

  • Patients exhibited significantly subnormal plasma and leucocyte ascorbic acid levels.
  • Markedly decreased urinary excretion of ascorbic acid was observed in the patient groups.
  • Blood glutathione levels were decreased, while dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) levels were significantly elevated.
  • The DHA/AA ratios were significantly altered, indicating a deranged redox status.

Conclusions:

  • Viral hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer are associated with significant deficiencies in ascorbic acid and altered glutathione levels.
  • The observed biochemical changes suggest a compromised antioxidant defense system and deranged redox status in these liver conditions.
  • Ascorbic acid status, assessed through plasma, leucocyte, urinary excretion, and DHA/AA index, is significantly impaired in patients with liver disease.