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Resistin levels decrease as insulin resistance increases in a Mexican-American cohort.

Absalon D Gutierrez1, Carlos A Flores1, Sapna Naik1

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.

Cytokine
|September 12, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Resistin levels unexpectedly decreased with increasing insulin resistance in Mexican-Americans. However, resistin was linked to specific cytokines, suggesting a cytokine pathway despite the inverse relationship with insulin resistance.

Keywords:
AdiponectinInsulin resistanceLeptinMexican-AmericanResistin

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Human Physiology
  • Population Health

Background:

  • Insulin resistance (IR) is a metabolic condition linked to various health issues.
  • The role of resistin and its relationship with cytokines in IR is not well understood, particularly in diverse populations.
  • Mexican-Americans represent a population group with a high prevalence of IR and type 2 diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between circulating resistin levels and insulin resistance in a Mexican-American cohort.
  • To examine the associations of resistin with various cytokines, demographic, and anthropometric variables.
  • To compare these measurements with other adipokines, such as leptin and adiponectin.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of 953 Mexican-American adults from the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC).
  • Participants were stratified into normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes, and diabetes mellitus groups.
  • Linear regression models were used to analyze differences in resistin and other adipokine levels, adjusting for cytokines and demographic/anthropometric variables.

Main Results:

  • Insulin resistance, measured by HOMA-IR, increased with worsening glucose tolerance.
  • Resistin levels significantly decreased as glucose tolerance deteriorated across all models.
  • Resistin was positively associated with IL-1β and IL-8, and inversely with TNF-α, after adjustments.
  • Leptin levels were lower in the diabetes group and associated with female sex, age, and BMI.
  • Adiponectin showed no significant association with glucose tolerance but was linked to sex, BMI, and lipids.

Conclusions:

  • Resistin unexpectedly decreased with increasing insulin resistance in this cohort.
  • Findings support a potential resistin-stimulated cytokine pathway despite the inverse relationship with IR.
  • Leptin levels decreased with elevated IR, while adiponectin associations were primarily with anthropometric and lipid profiles.