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The medical and surgical management of gastroschisis

Alghalya Al Maawali1, Erik D Skarsgard2

  • 1Department of Surgery, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman.

Early Human Development
|September 13, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Gastroschisis is a congenital defect where intestines exit the body. Early diagnosis and specialized neonatal care improve outcomes for affected infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Gastroschisis (GS) is a congenital abdominal wall defect with increasing prevalence globally.
  • Prenatal diagnosis enables specialized delivery planning and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) management.
  • Infants with complex GS face higher complication risks and require intensive, specialized care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on gastroschisis management and outcomes.
  • To emphasize the neonatologist's role in integrated, team-based care for gastroschisis.
  • To highlight the importance of standardized care pathways for infants with intestinal failure.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current medical and surgical management strategies for gastroschisis.
  • Analysis of outcomes associated with gastroschisis, focusing on complex cases.
  • Emphasis on interdisciplinary team collaboration in neonatal intensive care units.

Main Results:

  • Prenatal diagnosis facilitates coordinated care planning.
  • Postnatal management includes defect closure, nutritional support, and complication avoidance.
  • Standardized care pathways are crucial for complex gastroschisis cases and infants with intestinal failure.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated, team-based care involving neonatology, neonatal nursing, and pediatric surgery is essential for optimal gastroschisis outcomes.
  • Specialized care pathways improve management and outcomes for vulnerable infants with complex gastroschisis.
  • The neonatologist plays a pivotal role in coordinating comprehensive care for infants with gastroschisis.

Keywords:
EpidemiologyGastroschisisNeonatologyOutcomesPrenatal diagnosisStandardizationSurgery

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