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Periostin in Allergy and Inflammation
Eva Sonnenberg-Riethmacher1,2, Michaela Miehe3, Dieter Riethmacher1,2
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
Frontiers in Immunology
|September 13, 2021
Summary
Periostin, a key matricellular protein, is upregulated in allergic and inflammatory diseases, contributing to tissue damage and disease progression. Understanding its varied roles and isoforms is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Matricellular proteins mediate cell-environment interactions, influencing physiological and pathological processes.
- Periostin, a matricellular protein, is implicated in allergic conditions, inflammatory diseases, cancer, and tissue remodeling.
- Its expression is often upregulated in disease states, suggesting a significant role in pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifaceted roles of periostin in allergic and inflammatory conditions.
- To explore periostin's involvement in type 2 immunity and its induction by cytokines like IL-4 and IL-13.
- To discuss the potential functions of different periostin isoforms in disease.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating periostin expression and function in allergy and inflammation.
- Analysis of periostin's signaling pathways involving epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells.
- Examination of periostin's association with specific diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
Main Results:
- Periostin is differentially expressed and often upregulated in allergic diseases, inflammatory conditions, and cancer.
- It influences tissue remodeling, fibrosis, regeneration, and repair, and is involved in type 2 immunity.
- Periostin interacts with epithelial and fibroblast cells via integrin and NF-κB signaling, and also with immune cells.
Conclusions:
- Periostin plays a significant role in the development and progression of allergic and inflammatory diseases.
- Its deposition in inflamed tissues can exacerbate the inflammatory process.
- Further research into periostin isoforms is needed to fully elucidate its functions and therapeutic potential.
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