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Frailty in CKD and Transplantation
Elizabeth C Lorenz1,2, Cassie C Kennedy2,3, Andrew D Rule1
1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Kidney International Reports
|September 13, 2021
Summary
Frailty is common in aging populations with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and linked to poor health outcomes. Further research is needed to confirm if interventions targeting frailty improve kidney and overall health.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Nephrology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- The global population is aging, leading to increased prevalence of chronic conditions like chronic kidney disease (CKD).
- Older adults are a heterogeneous group, with frailty emerging as a key factor influencing health trajectories and outcomes in CKD patients.
- Frailty, characterized by reduced physiological reserve and increased vulnerability, is highly prevalent in CKD and associated with adverse events such as falls, reduced quality of life, hospitalizations, and mortality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of frailty in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
- To examine the definitions, health impacts, underlying mechanisms, and potential interventions for frailty in the context of CKD.
- To identify knowledge gaps and challenges in managing frailty within the CKD population.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on frailty in CKD.
- Analysis of existing data on frailty definitions, prevalence, and associated outcomes in CKD.
- Synthesis of information on pathological factors contributing to frailty in CKD.
- Evaluation of current and proposed antifrailty interventions for CKD patients.
Main Results:
- Frailty is a significant clinical syndrome in CKD patients, contributing to numerous adverse health outcomes.
- Multiple biological and physiological factors contribute to the development of frailty in CKD.
- Interventions such as exercise and senescent cell clearance show promise but require further investigation for efficacy in CKD.
Conclusions:
- Frailty is a critical consideration in the management of older adults with CKD.
- Optimizing frailty measures may improve renal and overall health outcomes in CKD patients.
- Further research is essential to refine frailty definitions and develop effective antifrailty strategies for CKD.
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