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Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Structured Motor Rehabilitation After Selective Nerve Transfers
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[Nerve transposition (nerve transfer): development and principles].

Jörg Bahm1, Andreas Gohritz2

  • 1Sektion Plexuschirurgie, Klinik für Plastische, Hand- und Verbrennungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland. jbahm@ukaachen.de.

Operative Orthopadie Und Traumatologie
|September 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nerve transposition surgery reinnervates paralyzed muscles using donor nerves, offering a reliable return of function. This technique is experiencing a resurgence due to its extended applications and excellent outcomes, even for complex nerve injuries.

Keywords:
Donor axonMicrosurgeryNerve transpositionReinnervationUpper extremity

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Neurosurgery
  • Microsurgery

Background:

  • Nerve transposition involves reinnervating paralyzed muscles using donor motor axons.
  • German-speaking surgeons and orthopedists developed many standard upper extremity operations.
  • Recent advancements have expanded the applications of nerve transfer techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the history, indications, and techniques of nerve transpositions in the upper extremities.
  • To highlight the renaissance and extended applications of nerve transfer surgery.
  • To emphasize the necessity of microsurgical techniques for optimal results.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical and current literature on nerve transposition.
  • Analysis of indications and surgical techniques for upper extremity nerve transfers.
  • Discussion of microsurgical approaches for complex nerve injuries.

Main Results:

  • Nerve transposition provides reliable reinnervation of paralyzed muscles.
  • Short-range, selective motor reinnervation via nerve transfer yields functional recovery.
  • Microsurgical techniques enable excellent outcomes for proximal nerve injuries.

Conclusions:

  • Nerve transposition techniques are effective for restoring function in paralyzed upper extremity muscles.
  • The resurgence of nerve transfers is driven by reliable functional recovery and expanded applications.
  • Microsurgical expertise is crucial for achieving optimal results in complex cases.