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Rapid microgeographic evolution in response to climate change.

A Z Andis Arietta1, David K Skelly1

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This summary is machine-generated.

Wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) show persistent microgeographic variation in embryonic development. Contemporary populations evolved faster development, likely driven by climate change, but demographic declines suggest limits to adaptation.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Ecology
  • Climate change research

Background:

  • Environmental change drives selection pressure, potentially leading to extinction or rapid evolution.
  • Microgeographic variation, evolution at small scales, is a key survival mechanism for some species.
  • Wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) exhibit countergradient variation in embryonic development across microgeographic scales.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate microgeographic variation in wood frog populations after 17 years.
  • To determine if rapid, localized evolution persists in response to environmental changes.
  • To identify the drivers of observed evolutionary changes in wood frog embryonic development.

Main Methods:

  • Repeating a common garden experiment with wood frog embryos from microgeographic pond populations.
  • Comparing embryonic development rates between contemporary populations and those from 17 years prior.
  • Utilizing structural equation models to analyze the influence of climate change on evolutionary responses.

Main Results:

  • Microgeographic variation in wood frog embryonic development persists across ponds.
  • Contemporary wood frog embryos exhibit 14-19% faster development rates compared to 2001.
  • Climate change is identified as the primary driver of accelerated embryonic development.

Conclusions:

  • Wood frogs demonstrate rapid, localized evolutionary adaptation to environmental changes.
  • Despite adaptive capacity, demographic declines indicate limits to mitigating extreme climate and habitat changes.
  • Microgeographic adaptation may not be sufficient to overcome severe environmental pressures in the long term.