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Pulmonary Function Testing in Patients With E-Cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury
Xingyu Wei1, Annamaria Iakovou2, Mina R Makaryus3
1Internal Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell/North Shore University Hospital and Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Hempstead, USA.
Electronic cigarette (E-cigarette), or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) can cause lasting lung damage. A study found that recovered EVALI patients showed reduced lung function, indicating persistent pulmonary impairment from vaping.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Toxicology
- Public Health
Background:
- An outbreak of respiratory illnesses, termed EVALI, emerged in 2019 linked to e-cigarette use.
- EVALI is a severe lung injury potentially caused by chemicals like vitamin E acetate in vaping products.
- Over 2800 cases and 60 deaths were reported in the US, with long-term health effects remaining unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess pulmonary function test (PFT) results in patients who recovered from EVALI.
- To investigate potential persistent lung damage following e-cigarette use-related injury.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 23 adult patients diagnosed with EVALI at two academic hospitals.
- Follow-up PFTs were conducted in outpatient clinics after hospital discharge.
Main Results:
- Most patients exhibited significantly reduced diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO).
- This reduction suggests a loss of functioning alveolar units in the lungs.
- Average follow-up exceeded one month post-discharge, indicating potential chronic effects.
Conclusions:
- EVALI may result in persistent pulmonary damage.
- Further long-term follow-up is required to fully understand the impact of e-cigarette use on lung function.
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