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Control over patch encounters changes foraging behavior.

Sam Hall-McMaster1,2,3, Peter Dayan4,5, Nicolas W Schuck1,2,3

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In structured foraging environments, animals should consider unattended sites when deciding to leave a current location. This strategy optimizes foraging decisions and maximizes overall reward rates.

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Behavioral neuroscienceBiological sciencesNeuroscience

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Foraging behavior is a fundamental decision-making process in nature.
  • Optimal foraging theory often simplifies environments, assuming abundant, non-revisitable resources.
  • Real-world foraging often involves structured environments with revisitable, differentially replenishing sites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate foraging decisions in a structured environment with limited, replenishing sites.
  • To determine how information about unattended sites influences exploitation-or-leave decisions.
  • To model the cognitive mechanisms underlying these foraging choices.

Main Methods:

  • Participant-based foraging task in a controlled, simulated environment.
  • Manipulation of site replenishment rates and availability.
  • Computational modeling to analyze decision-making processes.

Main Results:

  • Participants preferentially visited faster-replenishing sites.
  • Leave decisions were made at higher reward levels compared to simpler models.
  • A computational model incorporating environmental and unattended site information best explained the data.
  • Higher net reward rates were achieved using this more complex decision strategy.

Conclusions:

  • Foraging decisions in structured, revisitable environments are influenced by information about unattended sites.
  • Cognitive models of foraging should account for the dynamic availability and value of multiple resource patches.
  • This research provides insights into adaptive decision-making under ecological constraints.