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Updated: Oct 20, 2025

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Muscle Involvement Caused by Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Infection on 18F-FDG PET/CT in a Pediatric Patient
1From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, China.
Abstract:
A 7-year-old girl with chronic active EBV (CAEBV) infection-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis presented with fever. 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed heterogeneous FDG uptake in multiple muscle groups without significant abnormal activity elsewhere. On repeat FDG PET/CT scan 1 year later after therapy, the abnormal activity in muscles disappeared. Skeletal muscle involvement by CAEBV infection should be included as differential diagnosis for increased muscle activity on FDG PET/CT study.
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