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The nine development bands: A conceptual framework and global theory for waste and development
Andrew Whiteman1, Mike Webster2, David C Wilson3
1RWA Group, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Summary
This study introduces a nine development bands (9DBs) framework to guide countries in advancing solid waste management (SWM) towards resource management and circular economy goals. It helps nations assess progress and plan interventions for sustainable waste systems.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Urban Planning
- Development Studies
Background:
- Solid waste management (SWM) is a critical global utility, yet billions lack basic services.
- Progress is shifting from SWM to waste and resource management (WaRM) and circular economy models.
- Existing frameworks often fall short for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a novel conceptual framework and global theory of waste and development.
- To provide a roadmap for countries to assess their current SWM status and plan future strategies.
- To support LMICs in achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11.6.1 indicators.
Main Methods:
- Development of a nine development bands (9DBs) conceptual framework.
- Identification of critical challenges and developmental pressure points within each band.
- Testing the framework against historical data from high-income countries.
Main Results:
- The 9DBs framework categorizes progress from basic SWM to advanced resource management and zero waste.
- Bands DB1-DB4 focus on incremental improvements towards universal collection and controlled management (DB5).
- Bands DB6-DB9 emphasize environmentally sound practices, the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle), and zero waste aspirations.
Conclusions:
- The 9DBs framework offers a practical tool for LMICs to frame SWM problems and design targeted interventions.
- Key success factors include governance reforms, appropriate technology, and localized solutions.
- The framework aids in navigating the transition from basic SWM to sustainable waste and resource management.
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