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Long noncoding RNA and protein abundance in lncRNPs
Man Wu1, Liang-Zhong Yang1, Ling-Ling Chen1,2,3
1State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
RNA (New York, N.Y.)
|September 16, 2021
Summary
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate genes through protein interactions. Quantifying lncRNA and protein abundance is crucial for understanding their mechanisms, even at low concentrations.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their crucial roles in gene regulation.
- Despite low expression levels, lncRNAs interact with proteins through various mechanisms.
- Understanding the stoichiometry of lncRNA-protein complexes is vital for elucidating lncRNA function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss methods for examining lncRNA and protein expression.
- To explore the quantification of lncRNA and protein abundance in complexes.
- To investigate how lncRNAs modulate protein function at low concentrations.
Main Methods:
- Review of techniques for analyzing lncRNA and protein expression at single-cell, subcellular, and suborganelle levels.
- Discussion of methods to determine average and local lncRNA concentrations.
- Examination of stoichiometric relationships within lncRNA-protein complexes.
Main Results:
- Emerging evidence highlights the significant roles of lncRNAs in gene regulation via protein engagement.
- Protein abundance often significantly exceeds that of interacting lncRNAs.
- lncRNAs can influence protein functions even when present at low stoichiometric concentrations.
Conclusions:
- Accurate quantification of lncRNA and protein abundance is essential for understanding lncRNA mechanisms.
- Methods for assessing expression at various cellular levels are critical.
- lncRNAs exert functional effects on proteins irrespective of their relative abundance.
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