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Effectiveness of environmental impact statement methods: A Colombian case study.

Ana L Caro-Gonzalez¹, Javier Toro², Montserrat Zamorano³

¹Department of Civil Engineering, University of Granada, Spain; Secretaria de Educación Distrital, Bogotá, Colombia.

Journal of Environmental Management

|September 16, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study evaluated impact assessment (IA) methods in Colombia, finding most Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) methods have low to medium effectiveness. Improvements are needed in legal guidelines for designing and implementing IA methods for better Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) outcomes.

Keywords:

Effectiveness Environmental impact Environmental impact statement

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Environmental Policy
Risk Assessment

Background:

Procedural effectiveness research has overlooked impact assessment (IA) methods, focusing instead on Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) quality and the broader Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process.
While IA methods in Colombia comply with Terms of Reference (ToR), their actual effectiveness remains largely unexamined.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the effectiveness of IA methods used in Colombia.
To assess whether IA methods contribute to a truly effective EIA process beyond mere procedural compliance.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 131 Environmental Impact Statements (EISs) from Colombia.
Application of a revised Effectiveness Index for Environmental Impact Assessment Methods (EIM), adapted from Caro and Toro (2016).

Main Results:

Most IA methods employed in Colombian EISs demonstrate a medium or low degree of effectiveness.
Methods show higher compliance with legally regulated parameters but not necessarily with effectiveness criteria.
Despite acceptance by environmental authorities for licensing, the underlying IA methods lack robust effectiveness.

Conclusions:

Current IA methods in Colombia, while compliant, are largely ineffective in practice.
Legal guidelines for the design and implementation of IA methods require significant improvement to enhance EIA effectiveness.
There is a critical need to revise regulatory frameworks to ensure IA methods yield meaningful environmental protection outcomes.