Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 19, 2025

High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize Zea mays L.
Published on: June 16, 2018
Instant quinoa prepared by different cooking methods and infrared-assisted freeze drying: Effects of variables on the
Kai Chen1, Min Zhang2, Bhesh Bhandari3
1State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China.
Abstract:
The effects of cooking methods (pressure cooking, microwave cooking, and atmospheric pressure cooking) and infrared-assisted freeze drying (IRFD) on drying characteristic, crystalline structure, pasting property, rehydration behavior, microstructure, texture, and flavor of instant quinoa samples were investigated. Results showed that IRFD significantly reduced the drying time needed for freeze drying (FD). The crystalline structure of starch in raw quinoa was destroyed in cooking process, IRFD process well maintained the gelatinized state of quinoa samples. The pressure cooked samples owned the highest porosity and best rehydration ability. Pressure cooking and microwave cooking caused the softer and thicker texture of rehydrated instant quinoa samples. As for the flavor of quinoa sample, IRFD possessed the stronger retention ability compared with FD. In summary, pressure cooking and IRFD could be the applicable processing methods for the production of instant quinoa product or other dehydrated instant product with high quality.
Related Concept Videos
In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods
Physical Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth: Temperature
Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
Methods of Sterilization I: Physical Methods
Steam sterilization uses non-toxic, low-cost moist heat in the form of saturated steam under pressure, which is fast, microbicidal, and sporicidal, and quickly warms and penetrates fabrics. Autoclaves, or steam sterilizers, expose each item to direct steam contact for a predetermined time at the necessary...
Sublimation
Methods of Sterilization II: Chemical Methods
Using chemical sterilization rather than heat to clean out equipment is recommended. It eradicates and removes all bacteria,...

