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Related Concept Videos

Biofilms01:29

Biofilms

482
Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms encased in a self-produced extracellular polysaccharide matrix attached to surfaces. These microbial consortia can include single or multiple species, providing enhanced survival benefits by forming organized, multilayered structures.The formation of biofilms occurs through four key stages: attachment, colonization, development, and dispersal.During attachment, free-swimming planktonic cells adhere to a surface, often facilitated by...
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails01:05

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails

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Nails are one of the important accessory structures of the skin. They are hard, protective structures that cover the dorsal surface of the distal phalanges of fingers and toes. Nails are composed of specialized keratinized cells and serve various functions, including protection, sensation, and manual dexterity.
The main components of a nail include the following.
Nail Plate: The nail plate is the visible portion of the nail that extends beyond the fingertips or toes. It is a hard, translucent...
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Visualization of Biofilm Formation in Candida albicans Using an Automated Microfluidic Device
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Biofilms and the Nail Unit.

Corinna Castillo1, Michael F Masi1, Austin Mishko1

  • 1Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine, 148 North 8th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.

Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery
|September 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Onychomycosis, a fungal nail infection, can form complex biofilms that resist treatment. Emerging therapies like antimicrobials and lasers show promise for treating these challenging nail infections.

Keywords:
Bacterial biofilmBiofilm therapiesBiofilmsCandida albicansFungal biofilmNailsOnychomycosis

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Superficial fungal infections, such as onychomycosis (fungal nail infection), are increasingly recognized to form complex biofilms.
  • Biofilm formation in onychomycosis is associated with factors including immunocompromised status, physical nail damage, and co-infections.
  • These fungal biofilms possess mechanisms like efflux pumps and extracellular matrices that contribute to immune evasion and treatment resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of fungal biofilm formation in onychomycosis.
  • To explore the challenges associated with treating fungal nail biofilms.
  • To summarize the efficacy of emerging treatment modalities for onychomycosis biofilms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on fungal biofilms in onychomycosis.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to biofilm development and persistence.
  • Evaluation of treatment strategies including antimicrobial and laser therapies.

Main Results:

  • Fungal biofilms in onychomycosis present a significant challenge due to their complex structure and immune-evasive properties.
  • While no standardized treatment exists, preliminary studies indicate potential efficacy of antimicrobial agents and laser treatments.
  • Risk factors such as compromised immunity and nail trauma facilitate the development of these infections.

Conclusions:

  • Fungal biofilms represent a complex aspect of onychomycosis, requiring further investigation for effective treatment strategies.
  • Antimicrobial and laser therapies are showing preliminary success in managing onychomycosis biofilms.
  • Understanding biofilm mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted and effective interventions against fungal nail infections.