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Related Concept Videos

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias01:16

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias

499
Arrhythmias are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that lead to abnormal heartbeats. These irregularities can originate from different parts of the heart and are classified based on their origin and nature.
Types of Arrhythmias
Sinus Node Arrhythmias
Sinus Bradycardia: Originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node, sinus bradycardia involves slower impulses, resulting in a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute (bpm). Causes include sleep, vagal stimulation, beta-blockers, hypothyroidism,...
499
Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias01:28

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

198
Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
198
Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

171
Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
171
Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

178
Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
178
Decreased pulse rate01:14

Decreased pulse rate

639
Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
639
Dysrhythmias I: Introduction01:15

Dysrhythmias I: Introduction

241
Dysrhythmias refers to abnormalities in the heart's rhythm. They result from disruptions in the heart's electrical conduction system, which includes the sinoatrial(SA)node, atrioventricular(AV) node, the bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers.Definition and PathophysiologyDysrhythmias result from disorders of impulse formation, impulse conduction, or both. The heart contains specialized cells in the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, and the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers...
241

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Microelectrode Array Recording of Sinoatrial Node Firing Rate to Identify Intrinsic Cardiac Pacemaking Defects in Mice
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Looking Deep Into the Palpitation - Pheochromocytoma Presenting as Sinus Node Dysfunction.

Abhinav Shrivastava1, Ranjit K Nath1, Puneet Aggarwal1

  • 1Cardiology, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, IND.

Cureus
|September 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pheochromocytoma, a rare adrenal tumor, can cause hypertension and arrhythmias like junctional rhythm. Surgical removal of the tumor resolved the patient's symptoms, highlighting a unique cause of sinus node dysfunction.

Keywords:
adrenal pheochromocytomabradyarrythmiajunctional rhythmnodal escapesecondary hypertension

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Hypertension and intermittent palpitations are common symptoms.
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed a junctional rhythm in a 23-year-old male.
  • Diagnostic workup for hypertension is crucial for identifying underlying causes.

Observation:

  • Elevated serum metanephrines indicated a potential endocrine disorder.
  • Computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans confirmed pheochromocytoma.
  • Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor of the adrenal gland.

Findings:

  • The patient presented with symptoms suggestive of pheochromocytoma.
  • Surgical resection of the pheochromocytoma led to the resolution of cardiac arrhythmia.
  • This case highlights a rare etiology of sinus node dysfunction.

Implications:

  • Pheochromocytoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hypertension with arrhythmias.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment of pheochromocytoma are essential for patient outcomes.
  • Understanding rare causes of sinus node dysfunction improves clinical management.