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When an action potential reaches the presynaptic axon terminal, it releases neurotransmitters from the neuron into the synaptic cleft at a chemical synapse. The released neurotransmitter can be excitatory or inhibitory. The critical criteria commonly used to determine whether a molecule is a neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse are the molecule's presence in the presynaptic neuron. Second, its release is in response to strong presynaptic depolarization. And lastly, the presence of...
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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
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Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators01:18

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γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
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Corrigendum: Inhibitory Network Bistability Explains Increased Interneuronal Activity Prior to Seizure Onset.

Scott Rich1, Homeira Moradi Chameh1, Marjan Rafiee1

  • 1Division of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Frontiers in Neural Circuits
|September 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigates the role of the cerebellum in cognitive functions. Findings highlight its involvement in learning and memory processes, crucial for understanding brain disorders.

Keywords:
bistabilitycomputational neuroscienceepilepsyinhibitory networkinterneuronsseizuresynchrony

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Context:

  • The cerebellum, traditionally linked to motor control, is increasingly recognized for its role in cognitive functions.
  • Understanding the cerebellum's contribution to cognition is vital for diagnosing and treating neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Purpose:

  • To explore the neurobiological underpinnings of cerebellar involvement in non-motor cognitive tasks.
  • To elucidate the specific mechanisms by which cerebellar circuits influence learning, memory, and executive functions.

Summary:

  • Functional neuroimaging and behavioral studies reveal significant cerebellar activation during complex cognitive tasks.
  • Evidence suggests distinct cerebellar lobules are recruited for different cognitive processes, including working memory and language.
  • Disruptions in cerebellar networks are associated with cognitive deficits in various conditions, such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder.

Impact:

  • Advances our understanding of brain networks supporting cognition.
  • Provides a foundation for developing targeted interventions for cerebellar-related cognitive impairments.
  • Highlights the cerebellum as a key player in the broader landscape of human cognition.