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Pediatric obstructive sleep-disordered breathing is associated with arterial stiffness.
Eduardo Machado Rossi-Monteiro1,2, Laura Rodrigues Sefair2, Marcos Correia Lima2
1Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais - FCM-MG, MG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
European Journal of Pediatrics
|September 24, 2021
Summary
Children with obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (oSDB) show increased arterial stiffness, specifically higher augmentation index. This highlights the need for early intervention to prevent future cardiovascular issues.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Sleep Medicine
- Vascular Physiology
Background:
- Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (oSDB) is linked to cardiovascular risk in adults.
- In children, the association between oSDB and cardiovascular outcomes like arterial stiffness is less understood.
- Existing research indicates higher pulse wave velocity (PWV) in children with oSDB.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare cardiovascular parameters between children with and without oSDB.
- To identify predictors of arterial stiffness in pediatric oSDB.
- To investigate the relationship between oSDB, arterial stiffness, and quality of life.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 48 children with oSDB and 24 controls (ages 3-10).
- Non-invasive measurement of cardiovascular parameters using brachial artery oscillometry.
- Assessment of arterial stiffness indices including augmentation index (AIx) and pulse wave velocity (PWV).
- Application of OSA-18 and PedsQL 4.0 questionnaires in the oSDB group.
Main Results:
- Children with oSDB exhibited significantly higher reflection coefficient and augmentation index compared to controls.
- Age, female sex, reflection coefficient, and systolic volume were identified as independent predictors of augmentation index.
- Elevated PWV values correlated with poorer quality of life as measured by the PedsQL 4.0.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric oSDB is associated with increased arterial stiffness, indicated by a higher augmentation index.
- Early detection of subclinical cardiovascular changes in children with oSDB is crucial.
- Addressing oSDB and promoting healthy lifestyle habits are vital for preventing adult cardiovascular complications.
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