[Anatomical study on reconstruction of calcaneus fibula ligament]

To measure anatomical data of calcaneofibular ligament (CFL), relevant data of CFL attachment to provide an anatomical basis for CFL reconstruction.

Twenty-seven adult ankle specimens were selected, including 11 males and 16 females, aged from 22 to 71 years old with an average of (41.6±17.2) years old;9 cases on the left side and 18 cases on the right side. The specimens reserved at least 20 cm above ankle joint and a complete foot, and exclude deformities, fractures, incomplete development and degenerative lesions. CFL was performed detailed anatomical observation, morphological parameters of CFL was measured, and coordinates of fibula side and calcaneal side of CFL in the coordinate axis were measured. The distance between fibula insertion of CFL and fibula tip, distance between calcaneal insertion of CFL and lateral calcaneal nodule, and Angle between CFL and long axis of fibula were also measured.

In these 27 specimens, CFL cases were all single bundles and the length of CFL was (32.83 ± 8.19) mm. The center point of fibula attachment in CFL was(2.87± 1.21) mm proximal with a coefficient of variation of 42.16% and (2.08±1.34) mm anteriorly with a coefficient of variation of 64.42%. The center point of calcaneal attachment region of CFL was located on coordinate axis on the distal end (15.32±5.33) mm, with a coefficient of variation of 34.79%, and the posterior part (6.38±2.15) mm, with a coefficient of variation of 33.86%. The distance between center point of fibula attachment and fibula tip was (4.81±0.82) mm. The distance between center point of calcaneal attachment area of CFL and lateral calcaneal nodules was(17.25±3.12) mm. Angle between CFL and fibula axis is (43 ±18)° .

According to anatomical studies, we could locate the fibula and calcaneal attachment of CFL by anatomical markers around ankle joint. However, the location of CFL attachment has a large variation, and the anatomical characteristics need to be considered in anatomical reconstruction.