Patch Testing to Ethylhexylglycerin: The North American Contact Dermatitis Group Experience, 2013-2018
Erin M Warshaw, Michele Buonomo, Howard I Maibach1
1Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco.
Background:
Ethylhexylglycerin (EHG) is a recently recognized contact allergen.
Objective:
The aims of the study were to characterize individuals with positive patch test reactions to EHG and to analyze reaction strength, clinical relevance, and allergen sources.
Methods:
This study was a retrospective analysis of the patients patch tested to EHG (5% petrolatum) by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group (2013-2018).
Results:
Of 15,560 patients tested to EHG, 39 (0.25%) had positive (final interpretation of "allergic") reactions. Most were female (71.8%) and/or older than 40 years (76.9%). There were no statistically significant differences between age, sex, or atopic history when compared with EHG-negative patients. The most common anatomic sites of dermatitis were the face (28.2%) and scattered generalized distribution (25.6%). Most EHG-positive reactions were + (35.9%) or ++ (33.3%). Current clinical relevance was high (79.5%); none, however, were related to occupation. Personal care products were the most common source of exposure to EHG (59.0%).
Conclusions:
Ethylhexylglycerin is a rare contact allergen; the positive frequency of 0.25% is similar to other low allergenic preservatives including parabens, benzyl alcohol, and phenoxyethanol. The patch test concentration of 5.0% seems to be nonirritating. Although relatively uncommon, EHG reactions were usually clinically relevant (79.5%), often because of moisturizers/lotions/creams.
