Experimental Study on Forged TC4 Titanium Alloy Fatigue Properties under Three-Point Bending and Life Prediction

Ultrasonic fatigue tests of TC4 titanium alloy equiaxed I, II and bimodal I, II obtained by different forging processes were carried out in the range from 10⁵ to 10⁹ cycles using 20 kHz three-point bending. The results showed that the S-N curves had different shapes, there was no traditional fatigue limit, and the bimodal I had the best comprehensive fatigue performance. The fracture morphology was analyzed by SEM, and it was found that the fatigue cracks originated from the surface or subsurface facets, showing a transgranular quasi-cleavage fracture mechanism. EDS analysis showed that the facets were formed by the cleavage of primary α grains, and the fatigue cracks originated from the primary α grain preferred textures, rather than the primary α grain clusters. From the microstructure perspective, the reasons for better equiaxed high-cycle-fatigue properties and better bimodal ultra-high-cycle-fatigue properties were analyzed. The bimodal I fatigue life prediction based on energy was also completed, and the prediction curve was basically consistent with the experimental data.