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Using Antenna Arrays with Only One Active Element for Beam Reconfiguration and Sensitive Study in Dielectric Media.

Borja Bayón-Buján1, Aarón Ángel Salas-Sánchez1, Juan Antonio Rodríguez-González1

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, E15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

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Summary

This study introduces a simple, multipurpose antenna that reconfigures its radiation pattern using mechanical displacement, avoiding complex feeding networks. This innovation also enables environmental sensing applications.

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antenna arraysbeam reconfigurationdielectric constantmutual coupling

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Area of Science:

  • Electromagnetics and Antenna Theory
  • Metamaterials and Advanced Materials

Background:

  • Traditional antenna array pattern reconfiguration requires complex feeding networks.
  • Environmental factors like dielectric constant changes can affect antenna performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel, simple multipurpose antenna design for pattern reconfiguration.
  • To optimize the antenna for environmental dielectric constant variations.
  • To enable applications in environmental sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Mechanical displacement of a parasitic array relative to a driven element.
  • Computation of self and mutual impedances to model pattern control.
  • Optimization of antenna response to environmental dielectric constant changes.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated control of antenna radiation patterns via induced currents in parasitic elements.
  • Successfully varied side lobe levels and achieved a flat-topped beam from a pencil beam.
  • Obtained a multipurpose antenna with simplified reconfiguration.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed mechanical reconfiguration method offers a simple alternative to complex feeding networks.
  • The antenna design is adaptable for environmental monitoring, including particulate matter detection and dielectric constant measurements.
  • This work advances the development of versatile and cost-effective antenna systems.