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Alginic Acid Polymer-Hydroxyapatite Composites for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Rebecca Sikkema1, Blanca Keohan1, Igor Zhitomirsky1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S4L7, Canada.

Polymers
|September 28, 2021
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Summary

Alginic acid (ALGH) is utilized to create hydroxyapatite (HAP) composites for biomedical uses. These ALGH-HAP materials offer enhanced properties for applications like scaffolds and drug delivery systems.

Keywords:
alginatebiocementcoatingcompositefilmgelhydroxyapatitenanoparticlescaffold

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Materials Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Natural bone is an organic-inorganic composite with hydroxyapatite (HAP).
  • Alginic acid (ALGH) is a natural polymer with biocompatible properties.
  • ALGH can act as a structure-directing, capping, and dispersing agent for HAP synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fabrication of alginic acid-hydroxyapatite (ALGH-HAP) composites.
  • To explore the applications of these composites in various biomedical fields.
  • To summarize manufacturing strategies, mechanisms, and future trends.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing ALGH's gel-forming and film-forming properties for colloidal manufacturing.
  • Employing electrochemical fabrication techniques based on ALGH adsorption and properties.
  • Incorporating functional materials and cells into ALGH-HAP composites.

Main Results:

  • ALGH promotes biomineralization in HAP composite fabrication.
  • ALGH-HAP composites exhibit functional properties for films, coatings, scaffolds, biocements, gels, and beads.
  • Composites can be loaded with antimicrobial agents, drugs, proteins, enzymes, and cells for enhanced functionality.

Conclusions:

  • ALGH is a versatile biopolymer for creating advanced HAP composites.
  • These ALGH-HAP composites show significant potential for diverse biomedical applications.
  • Future trends focus on developing functional biocomposites with tailored properties.