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Enteric Tuft Cells in Host-Parasite Interactions.

Sruthi Rajeev1,2, Olivia Sosnowski2,3, Shuhua Li1,2

  • 1Gastrointestinal Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Enteric tuft cells detect parasites and coordinate defenses. Further research is needed to understand their role in human gut health and parasitic infections.

Keywords:
Th2 effectorcoinfectionsepithelial chemosensorsgastrointestinal disordershelminthsprotozoa

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Enteric tuft cells are chemosensory epithelial cells in the gut.
  • They possess receptors to detect parasites and initiate host defenses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of enteric tuft cells in host-parasite interactions.
  • To highlight tuft cell responses to various parasites, especially helminths.
  • To assess their involvement in gastrointestinal diseases and viral infections.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on host-parasite interactions and enteric tuft cells.
  • Analysis of current research on tuft cell subtypes and their responses.
  • Examination of tuft cell roles in irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and viral infections.

Main Results:

  • Enteric tuft cells are versatile in detecting helminth and protozoan parasites.
  • Their responses vary depending on the parasite and context of infection.
  • Tuft cells play a role in conditions like IBS, IBD, and viral infections when parasites are present.

Conclusions:

  • Enteric tuft cells are crucial in host defense against enteric parasites.
  • More research is required to fully understand their function, particularly in humans.
  • There is a significant knowledge gap regarding human enteric tuft cell biology.