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Updated: Oct 18, 2025
Author Spotlight: Induced Microglia-Like Cell Technology to Shed Light on the Role of Microglial Dysfunction in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Published on: September 6, 2024
The role of microglia in neuropsychiatric disorders and suicide
Ralf Brisch1, Szymon Wojtylak2, Arthur Saniotis3,4
1Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
Abstract:
This narrative review examines the possible role of microglial cells, first, in neuroinflammation and, second, in schizophrenia, depression, and suicide. Recent research on the interactions between microglia, astrocytes and neurons and their involvement in pathophysiological processes of neuropsychiatric disorders is presented. This review focuses on results from postmortem, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies, and animal models of schizophrenia and depression. Third, the effects of antipsychotic and antidepressant drug therapy, and of electroconvulsive therapy on microglial cells are explored and the upcoming development of therapeutic drugs targeting microglia is described. Finally, there is a discussion on the role of microglia in the evolutionary progression of human lineage. This view may contribute to a new understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Insights
Microglial cells play a key role in neuroinflammation and neuropsychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and depression. Understanding their function may lead to new treatments for these conditions.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Microglial cells are central to neuroinflammation.
- Their dysfunction is implicated in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders.
- Interactions between microglia, astrocytes, and neurons are critical in brain health and disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of microglial cells in neuroinflammation.
- To examine their involvement in schizophrenia, depression, and suicide.
- To explore therapeutic strategies targeting microglial cells.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of existing literature.
- Analysis of postmortem studies.
- Review of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies.
- Examination of animal models of schizophrenia and depression.
- Exploration of treatment effects on microglial cells.
Main Results:
- Microglial cells are significantly involved in neuroinflammatory processes.
- Evidence links microglial dysfunction to schizophrenia, depression, and suicide.
- Therapies like antipsychotics, antidepressants, and electroconvulsive therapy impact microglial activity.
Conclusions:
- Microglial cells are crucial players in neuropsychiatric disorders.
- Targeting microglial cells offers a promising avenue for novel therapeutic development.
- Understanding microglia's role may reshape our view of human brain evolution and disease.
