Microcurrent stimulates cell proliferation and modulates cytokine release in fibroblast cells

To analyse the effects of microcurrent on L929 fibroblast cell culture.

Cells were cultivated in six-well plates at densities of 5×10⁴, 1×10⁵, 3×10⁵ and 5×10⁵ cells/well to determine the best plating density. Subsequently, two methods of current application were tested: with a paper cone coupled to the electrode (M1) and with the electrode directly inside the well (M2). Then, streams of 60µA (G60), 100µA (G100), 500µA (G500) and 900µA (G900) were applied to the cells (n=3) once a day for three minutes, for a period of one (T1), two (T2) and three days (T3). The MTT assay method was used to evaluate cell proliferation. For the quantification of the inflammatory markers by flow cytometry, the group and time that presented the best results were selected.

The ideal plating density was established as 1x10⁵ cells/well and M2 as the best application method. An increase in cell viability was observed at all intensities from T1 to T2, but with no significant differences. From T2 to T3, there was a decrease in viability in all groups, with a significant difference only in G500 (p<0.05). Flow cytometry was performed in the GC and G900 groups at T2. It was possible to observe an increase of 0.56pg/ml in Interleukin (IL)-17 and a decrease of 5.45pg/ml in IL-2.

This study showed that two applications of microcurrent increases cell proliferation and modulates the inflammatory response, aiding tissue regeneration and playing a key role in rehabilitation.