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A new free space Thomson scattering system images plasma continuously, measuring flow velocities between 20-40 km/s. This diagnostic observed plasma bow shocks, advancing pulsed power plasma research.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Pulsed Power Science
  • Diagnostic Techniques

Background:

  • Traditional Thomson scattering diagnostics use fiber optics, limiting spatial resolution.
  • Pulsed power plasmas require advanced diagnostics for accurate characterization.
  • Free space coupling offers potential for improved spatial imaging of plasmas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a free space collective Thomson scattering system for pulsed power plasmas.
  • To enable spatially continuous imaging of plasma characteristics.
  • To measure plasma flow velocity and investigate plasma phenomena like bow shocks.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a free space collective Thomson scattering diagnostic system.
  • Coupled scattered light from plasma to spectrometer via free space, not fibers.
  • Performed initial experiments on inverse wire array plasmas generated by a 200 kA pulse power generator.
  • Utilized low frequency ion acoustic wave features in Thomson scattering spectra to determine plasma flow velocity.

Main Results:

  • Achieved spatially continuous plasma imaging.
  • Successfully measured plasma flow velocities ranging from 20 to 40 km/s.
  • Demonstrated velocity measurement accuracy of 4.7 km/s at 600 μm resolution and 8.9 km/s at 150 μm resolution.
  • Observed a bow shock in plasma flow, correlating with increased scattering intensity and decreased velocity.

Conclusions:

  • The free space Thomson scattering system is a viable diagnostic for pulsed power plasmas.
  • The diagnostic provides high spatial resolution and accurate velocity measurements.
  • The system successfully identified complex plasma structures, such as bow shocks, offering new insights into plasma dynamics.