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Updated: Oct 18, 2025

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Ecosystem restoration programs challenges under climate and land use change.

Qing Yang1, Gengyuan Liu2, Marco Casazza3

  • 1Key Laboratory for City Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China.

The Science of the Total Environment
|October 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new framework addresses challenges in ecological restoration programs by analyzing drivers of ecosystem services, simulating climate-land use impacts, and identifying restoration thresholds for better management. This approach enhances ecosystem service improvement amid global changes.

Keywords:
Attribution analysisClimate changeEcological restoration programsEcological restoration thresholdsEcosystem servicesLand use change

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Environmental Science
  • Ecosystem Services

Background:

  • Ecological restoration programs have improved ecosystem services over the past 20 years.
  • Climate and land use changes present significant challenges to planning and managing these programs effectively.
  • Key challenges include quantifying driver impacts, assessing climate-land use interactions, simulating long-term restoration effects, and identifying ecological thresholds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel framework to overcome current challenges in ecological restoration program planning and management.
  • To provide a structured approach for analyzing ecosystem services dynamics under environmental change.
  • To enhance the effectiveness and long-term success of ecological restoration initiatives.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a framework integrating attribution analysis, impact assessment of climate-land use interactions, and simulation of mid- to long-term restoration effects.
  • Proposed a four-step approach: attribution analysis using ecological thermodynamics and partial differential equations, assessing coupled climate-land use impacts, simulating restoration program effects, and identifying ecological restoration thresholds.
  • Emphasized a logic chain from theory to policy implications.

Main Results:

  • The proposed framework offers a systematic approach to address complex interactions affecting ecosystem services.
  • It enables better quantification of natural and human drivers on ecosystem services.
  • The framework facilitates simulation of restoration impacts and identification of critical thresholds.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides crucial insights for improving the management of ecosystem services restoration programs.
  • It offers a pathway to enhance resilience and effectiveness of restoration efforts in the face of ongoing environmental changes.
  • The framework supports evidence-based policy-making for sustainable ecosystem management.