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Indicators02:39

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Certain organic substances change color in dilute solution when the hydronium ion concentration reaches a particular value. For example, phenolphthalein is a colorless substance in any aqueous solution with a hydronium ion concentration greater than 5.0 × 10−9 M (pH < 8.3). In more basic solutions where the hydronium ion concentration is less than 5.0 × 10−9 M (pH > 8.3), it is red or pink. Substances such as phenolphthalein, which can be used to determine the pH of a solution, are...
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Hydronium and hydroxide ions are present both in pure water and in all aqueous solutions, and their concentrations are inversely proportional as determined by the ion product of water (Kw). The concentrations of these ions in a solution are often critical determinants of the solution’s properties and the chemical behaviors of its other solutes. Two different solutions can differ in their hydronium or hydroxide ion concentrations by a million, billion, or even trillion times. A common means of...
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Eco-friendly pH detecting paper-based analytical device: Towards process intensification.

Pamula Sri Sruthi1, Sivasamy Balasubramanian2, Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar3

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.

Analytica Chimica Acta
|October 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed an eco-friendly, paper-based pH sensor using red cabbage dye. This simple, miniaturized device accurately measures pH across a wide range, suitable for in situ environmental monitoring.

Keywords:
DetectionMicrofluidicsNatural dyeProcess intensificationSustainable approachpH

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Traditional pH measurement methods can be expensive and require specialized equipment.
  • There is a growing need for low-cost, portable, and sustainable sensing technologies.
  • Natural dyes offer a promising alternative to synthetic indicators for chemical sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a miniaturized, paper-based pH detection platform utilizing natural dye from red cabbage.
  • To optimize the fabrication and experimental parameters for accurate pH sensing.
  • To validate the performance of the developed sensor against standard pH measurement techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Extraction of natural dye from red cabbage (Brassica oleracea).
  • Fabrication of a patterned paper-based substrate using a punching machine.
  • Quantitative assessment of pH using digital image analysis and CIEL*a*b* color space models.
  • Optimization of experimental parameters and regression analysis to identify the best signal readout (a* parameter).

Main Results:

  • The a* parameter in the CIEL*a*b* color space showed excellent correlation with pH (R² = 0.9754).
  • The paper-based sensor accurately quantified pH in the range of 1-12.
  • Results from real test samples validated against a standard pH meter demonstrated high accuracy.
  • The device requires minimal reagent and sample volumes, enabling in situ measurements.

Conclusions:

  • A simple, eco-friendly, and cost-effective paper-based pH sensor was successfully developed using red cabbage dye.
  • The developed sensor offers a reliable and quantitative method for pH detection suitable for in situ applications.
  • This approach supports the development of sustainable and intensified chemical sensor technologies.